Asthma
General asthma evaluation and management including severity assessment and treatment plans.
Overview
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways characterized by reversible airflow obstruction, airway hyperresponsiveness, and inflammation. Proper evaluation and management are essential for optimal control.
symptoms
- Wheezing
- Shortness of breath
- Chest tightness
- Cough (especially at night or early morning)
- Difficulty breathing during exercise
severity
mild
Symptoms <2 days/week, nighttime awakenings <2/month, normal lung function between episodes
moderate
Symptoms daily, nighttime awakenings 1-2/week, lung function 60-80% of predicted
severe
Symptoms throughout the day, frequent nighttime awakenings, lung function <60% of predicted
triggers
- Allergens (pollen, dust mites, pet dander, mold)
- Respiratory infections
- Exercise
- Cold air
- Irritants (smoke, strong odors)
- Medications (aspirin, beta-blockers)
- Stress and strong emotions
evaluation
history
Detailed symptom history, triggers, frequency, and impact on daily activities
physical
Lung examination, assessment for allergic conditions
spirometry
Pulmonary function testing to assess airflow obstruction and reversibility
allergy
Allergy testing to identify triggers
fe N O
Fractional exhaled nitric oxide to assess eosinophilic inflammation
treatment
controller
- Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) - mainstay of controller therapy
- Long-acting beta-agonists (LABA) combined with ICS
- Leukotriene receptor antagonists
- Biologics for severe asthma
rescue
- Short-acting beta-agonists (SABA) - albuterol
- Use as needed for symptoms
- Should not be needed more than 2x/week if well-controlled
action Plan
Every patient should have a written asthma action plan with clear instructions for daily management, recognizing worsening symptoms, and when to seek emergency care.
Ready to Get Started?
Schedule a consultation to discuss your specific needs and create a personalized treatment plan.